• AMP activated protein kinase AMPK

  2024-11-14

  

  AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key cellular energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis at the cellular and whole-organism level (Hardie et al., 2012). Functionally, the AMPK pathway sustains adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production through activation of fatty CGS 35066 australia oxida

• br Conclusion br Conflict of Interest

  2024-11-13

  

  Conclusion Conflict of Interest Author Contributions Acknowledgements This work was supported by a research grant (SR/50/AS-14/2012) from the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India to CMC and CSIR Senior Research Fellowship (09/013(0339)/2010-EMR-I) to SB. Introduction

• p97 br Effective therapeutic window of AR actions on

  2024-11-13

  

  Effective therapeutic window of AR actions on ROP Retinal vasculature undergoes critical developmental changes postnatally: from P7 onward the superficial p97 start sprouting vertically in retina to form first the deep then the intermediated vascular plexus in the retina of C57BL/6 mice (Smith e

• The biological characteristics of cancer invasion and metast

  2024-11-13

  

  The biological characteristics of cancer invasion and metastasis are mainly attributed to the poor prognosis in cancer. It has been reported that overexpression of Ack1 promoted the migratory and invasive properties of breast cancer hippo pathway by sustaining expression of epidermal growth factor.

• br Antioxidative stress and anti inflammation Oxidative

  2024-11-13

  

  Antioxidative stress and anti-inflammation Oxidative stress is a major cause of reduced endothelial NO bioavailability in hypertension, and inflammatory response is thought to play an important role in these processes (Blake and Ridker, 2001, Landmesser et al., 2006). Reactive oxygen species (ROS

• Finasteride has been shown to be

  2024-11-13

  

  Finasteride has been shown to be a mechanism-based inhibitor of 5AR-2 [9]. Finasteride acts as an alternate substrate for 5AR-2 and is initially bound in an extremely stable enzyme-bound NADP-dihydrofinasteride adduct which is ultimately processed to dihydrofinasteride. The NADP-dihydrofinasteride

• br ARIs in the prevention of

  2024-11-13

  

  5ARIs in the prevention of prostate cancer Prostate cancer continues to be a leading cause of male deaths worldwide. In 2009, it was estimated there would be 192,280 new cases of prostate cancer with a predicted 27,360 deaths [25]. Because androgens, and specifically DHT, play a large role in bot

• In an effort to determine if one ARI was more

  2024-11-13

  

  In an effort to determine if one 5ARI was more effective than the other, the Enlarged Prostate International Comparator Study (EPICS) [17] compared treatment with finasteride and dutasteride in 1630 men over the age of 50 and concluded that after one year of treatment, both groups had statistically

• The benzimidazole group seems to be a key feature for

  2024-11-13

  

  The benzimidazole group seems to be a key feature for the excellent anti-tumor activity of galeterone (159), which motivated the synthesis of new steroidal inhibitors containing N-heterocyclic groups structurally related to benzimidazole. Thus, several 1H- and 2H-indazole derivatives of dehydroepian

• LPA binds to six specific cell surface GPCR receptors

  2024-11-13

  

  LPA binds to six specific cell surface GPCR receptors. The receptors LPA1 (lysophosphatidic receptor 1, formerly, Edg2), LPA2 (Edg4) and LPA3 (Edg7) belong to the endothelial differentiation gene family (EDG) and share sequence homology (50–60% amino cki synthesis homology) An et al., 1997, An et a

• In this paper we described synthesis

  2024-11-13

  

  In this paper, we described synthesis, biological evaluation and docking study of 3-aroyl-1-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)thiourea derivatives 4a–o as 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Results and discussion Conclusion We designed and synthesized a novel of thiourea derivatives containing phenylsulfonamide mo

• Calcineurin has been established to be a ubiquitous Ca activ

  2024-11-13

  

  Calcineurin has been established to be a ubiquitous Ca2+-activated serine phosphatase in the nervous system (Pyrzynska et al., 2001). It has been reported that the activation of calcineurin protects aromatase from autophagy-mediated protein degradation, implying that calcineurin-dependent dephosphor

• The contractility index showed positive inotropic effects of

  2024-11-12

  

  The contractility index showed positive inotropic effects of apelin in both doses at min 5 (Fig. 3, Fig. 5). Although the mean arterial pressure did not recover to the baseline, the contractility index increased, the relaxation index (tau) and ±dp/dt max returned back to their baseline, and left ven

• br Nanoparticle Conjugated Topoisomerase Inhibitors The safe

  2024-11-12

  

  Nanoparticle-Conjugated Topoisomerase Inhibitors The safety and efficacy of topotecan administered as LDM or MTD have been evaluated in several preclinical studies and a few clinical trials whose results showed that there can be significant adverse effects likely precluding its use in patients [5

• Breast Cancer Although androgens have been considered to be

  2024-11-12

  

  Breast Cancer: Although androgens have been considered to be a risk factor in prostate cancer they have been recommended to treat breast cancers. Even before the discovery of SERMs and aromatase inhibitors, steroidal androgens such as medroxyprogesterone and fluoxymesterone were used to treat breast

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